Bolalarda tashqi eshitish kanalining anomaliyalari
Referat
Xulosa: tekshiruvning maqsadi diagnostika algoritmini optimallashtirish, ushbu patologiyani jarrohlik davolashning yangi usullarini ishlab chiqish va joriy etish orqali bolalarda tashqi va o'rta quloq nuqsonlari bo'lgan bemorlarni eshitish-nutq reabilitatsiyasi samaradorligini oshirishdir.
Tadqiqot materiallari va usullari: tadqiqotda tashqi eshitish kanalining konjenital atreziyasi bo'lgan 115 bemor ishtirok etdi.
Tadqiqot natijalari: bemorlar tashqi va o'rta quloq anomaliyasi turiga, jarrohlik texnikasiga va keyingi boshqaruv taktikasiga qarab 2 guruhga bo'lingan. I guruhga 52 yoshdan 45,2 yoshgacha bo'lgan 5 (17%) klinik holatlar kiritilgan bo'lib, ular membranali qismning stenozi yoki tashqi eshitish kanalining membranali qismining stenozi va tashqi eshitish kanalining medial (suyak) qismlarining atreziyasi, normal yoki biroz gipoplastik timpanik bo'shliq, deformatsiyalangan. eshitish suyaklari va tashqi quloqning turli xil malformatsiyalari bilan yaxshi shamollatiladigan mastoid jarayoni. II guruhga tashqi eshitish kanali bo'lmagan, o'rta quloq gipoplastik rivojlangan, eshitish suyaklari jiddiy deformatsiyalangan va mastoid hujayralarining pnevmatizatsiyasini inhibe qilgan bemorlarning 63 (54,8%) klinik holatlari kiritilgan.
Xulosa: operatsiyadan keyingi uzoq muddatli davrda I guruh bemorlarida 88,4% hollarda tashqi eshitish kanalining konjenital stenozining relapslari yo'qligi qo'llaniladigan davolash usullarining samaradorligini ko'rsatadi. Tashqi eshitish kanalining medial bo'limlarining konjenital stenozi va atreziyasi bo'lsa, eshitish kanalining yuqori qismini butunlay olib tashlash, shuningdek, aurikulaning yuqori, orqa va pastki qismlarga kirishini kengaytirish kerak. Teri ivishining to'liq o'tkazilishi atreziyaning qayta shakllanishining yo'qligi sababi sifatida baholandi, natijada barqaror anatomik natija paydo bo'ldi.
Operatsiyadan keyingi uzoq muddatli davrda II guruhdagi bemorlarning 88,9 foizida sodir bo'lgan tashqi eshitish kanalining takroriy torayishining yo'qligi qo'llanilgan usullarning samaradorligini ko'rsatadi. Shakllangan tashqi eshitish kanalining diametri kamida 1 sm bo'lishi, uning suyak devori to'liq teri laxtasi bilan qoplanganligi, old devordagi til laxtasi erkin joylashganligi va teri laxtasining distal qismi teriga mahkam tikilganligi. qayta shakllanish atreziyasining yo'qligi sababi, natijada barqaror anatomik natija paydo bo'ladi.
13 holatda stenozning qaytalanishiga bemorlarning surunkali teri kasalliklari, shifokor bilan o'z vaqtida maslahatlashmaslik, shuningdek, teri qopqog'ida soch o'sishi tufayli tashqi eshitish kanalida doimiy namlik, suyak qismida tashqi eshitish kanalining shakllanishi sabab bo'lgan. 1 sm dan kam va perikondrit. aurikula.
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